Kukhazikitsa ndi Kusamalira Kachitidwe Kamagetsi Kamphepo Kang'ono

Wopanga makina anu amphepo, kapena wogulitsa komwe mudagula, ayenera kukuthandizani kukhazikitsa kachitidwe kanu kakang'ono kamagetsi kamphepo.Mutha kukhazikitsa nokha - koma musanayese ntchitoyi, dzifunseni mafunso awa:

• Kodi ndingatsanulire maziko oyenera a simenti?
• Kodi ndili ndi mwayi wokwera kapena njira yomangira nsanja mosamala?
• Kodi ndimadziwa kusiyana pakati pa mawaya a alternating current (AC) ndi Direct current (DC)?
• Kodi ndimadziwa mokwanira za magetsi kuti ndizitha kuyatsa mawaya otetezeka?
• Kodi ndimadziwa momwe ndingagwiritsire ntchito bwino ndikuyika mabatire?

Ngati mwayankha kuti ayi pamafunso ali pamwambawa, muyenera kusankha kuyika makina anu ndi ophatikiza makina kapena oyika.Lumikizanani ndi opanga kuti akuthandizeni, kapena funsani ku ofesi yamagetsi yakuboma ndi zida zapafupi kuti mupeze mndandanda wa okhazikitsa makina am'deralo.Mukhozanso kuyang'ana masamba achikasu kwa opereka chithandizo chamagetsi a mphepo.

Woyikira wodalirika atha kupereka zina zowonjezera monga kulola.Dziwani ngati woyikirayo ndi katswiri wamagetsi wovomerezeka, ndipo funsani maumboni ndikuwunika.Mwinanso mungafune kufunsa ndi Better Business Bureau.

Ndi kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza moyenera, kachitidwe kakang'ono kamagetsi kamphepo kamayenera kukhala zaka 20 kapena kupitilira apo.Kukonza kwapachaka kungaphatikizepo:

• Kuyang'ana ndi kumangitsa mabawuti ndi kulumikizana kwamagetsi ngati pakufunika
• Kuyang'ana makina a dzimbiri ndi mawaya a mnyamata kuti agwirizane bwino
• Kuyang'ana ndikusintha tepi iliyonse yowongoka yapamphepete pamasamba, ngati kuli koyenera
• Kusintha masamba a turbine ndi/kapena mayendedwe pakatha zaka 10 ngati pakufunika.

Ngati mulibe ukatswiri wosamalira makinawo, oyika anu atha kukupatsani ntchito ndi pulogalamu yokonza.

Wopanga makina anu kapena wogulitsa angakuthandizeninso kupeza malo abwino kwambiri amphepo yanu.Zina mwazofunikira ndi izi:

• Zolinga Zothandizira Mphepo- Ngati mukukhala m'malo ovuta, samalani posankha malo oyikapo.Ngati muyika makina anu opangira mphepo pamwamba kapena pamphepete mwa phiri, mwachitsanzo, mudzakhala ndi mwayi wopita ku mphepo zomwe zilipo kuposa mumtsinje kapena mbali ya leeward (yotetezedwa) ya phiri pamalo omwewo.Mutha kukhala ndi zida zamphepo zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa malo omwewo.Kuphatikiza pa kuyeza kapena kudziwa za liwiro la mphepo pachaka, muyenera kudziwa momwe mphepo imayendera patsamba lanu.Kuphatikiza pa mapangidwe a geological, muyenera kuganizira zopinga zomwe zilipo, monga mitengo, nyumba, ndi shedi.Muyeneranso kukonzekera zopinga zamtsogolo, monga nyumba zatsopano kapena mitengo yomwe sinafike kutalika kwake.Makina anu opangira magetsi amafunika kukhala ndi mphepo panyumba ndi mitengo iliyonse, ndipo ayenera kukhala 30 mapazi pamwamba pa chilichonse mkati mwa 300 mapazi.
• Malingaliro a System- Onetsetsani kuti mwasiya malo okwanira kuti mukweze ndikutsitsa nsanja kuti mukonze.Ngati nsanja yanu yaphwanyidwa, muyenera kulola mawaya a anyamatawo.Kaya makinawo ndi odziimira okha kapena olumikizidwa ndi gridi, mudzafunikanso kutenga kutalika kwa waya wothamanga pakati pa turbine ndi katundu (nyumba, mabatire, mapampu a madzi, ndi zina zotero) kuganizira.Magetsi ochuluka amatha kutayika chifukwa cha kukana kwa waya - ngati waya akuthamanga nthawi yayitali, magetsi amasokonekera.Kugwiritsa ntchito waya wochulukirapo kapena wokulirapo kumawonjezeranso mtengo woyika.Mawaya amatayika kwambiri mukakhala ndi Direct current (DC) m'malo mosinthana ndi ma alternating current (AC).Ngati muli ndi waya wautali, ndibwino kuti mutembenuzire DC kukhala AC.

Makina amphepo ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zogona amakhala ndi kukula kuchokera pa 400 watts mpaka 20 kilowatts, kutengera kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe mukufuna kupanga.

Nyumba wamba imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi pafupifupi 10,932 kilowatt pachaka (pafupifupi 911 kilowatt-maola pamwezi).Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa liwiro la mphepo m'derali, makina opangira mphepo okhala ndi ma kilowati 5-15 angafunike kuti athandizire kwambiri pakufunikaku.Mphepo yamphepo ya 1.5-kilowatt idzakwaniritsa zosowa za nyumba yomwe imafuna maola 300 kilowatt pamwezi pamalo omwe ali ndi liwiro la 14 mailosi pa ola (6.26 metres-per-sekondi) pachaka.

Kuti zikuthandizeni kudziwa kukula kwa turbine yomwe mukufuna, choyamba khazikitsani bajeti yamagetsi.Chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotsika mtengo kuposa kupanga magetsi, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi m'nyumba mwanu kungakhale kotsika mtengo komanso kumachepetsa kukula kwa makina opangira magetsi omwe mungafunike.

Kutalika kwa nsanja ya turbine yamphepo kumakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe makinawo angapangire.Wopanga akuyenera kukuthandizani kudziwa kutalika kwa nsanja yomwe mungafune.

Kuyerekeza kwa mphamvu yapachaka yomwe imachokera ku makina opangira mphepo (mu kilowatt-maola pachaka) ndiyo njira yabwino yodziwira ngati izo ndi nsanja zidzatulutsa magetsi okwanira kuti akwaniritse zosowa zanu.

Wopanga makina amphepo atha kukuthandizani kuyerekeza kupanga mphamvu zomwe mungayembekezere.Wopanga adzagwiritsa ntchito kuwerengera kutengera zinthu izi:

• Makamaka chopindika champhamvu cha turbine yamphepo
• Avereji ya liwiro la mphepo pachaka patsamba lanu
• Kutalika kwa nsanja yomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito
• Kugawa pafupipafupi kwa mphepo - kuyerekezera kwa maola omwe mphepo idzawombe pa liwiro lililonse pa avareji ya chaka.

Wopanga akuyeneranso kusintha mawerengedwe awa kuti akweze tsamba lanu.

Kuti mupeze chiyerekezo choyambirira cha momwe makina amphepo amagwirira ntchito, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira iyi:

AEO = 0.01328 D²V³

Kumene:

• AEO = Kutulutsa mphamvu kwapachaka (kilowatt-maola/chaka)
• D = mita ya rotor, mapazi
• V = Kuthamanga kwapachaka kwa mphepo, mailosi-pa ola (mph), patsamba lanu

Zindikirani: kusiyana pakati pa mphamvu ndi mphamvu ndikuti mphamvu (kilowatts) ndi mlingo womwe magetsi amathera, pamene mphamvu (maola-kilowatt-maola) ndi kuchuluka komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Machitidwe ang'onoang'ono a mphamvu ya mphepo akhoza kulumikizidwa ku njira yogawa magetsi.Izi zimatchedwa ma grid-connected systems.Makina opangira magetsi olumikizidwa ndi grid amatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwanu magetsi operekedwa ndi magetsi pakuwunikira, zida, ndi kutentha kwamagetsi.Ngati turbine sangathe kupereka kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe mukufunikira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimapanga kusiyana.Mphepo ikapanga magetsi ochulukirapo kuposa momwe nyumba yanu imafunira, owonjezerawo amatumizidwa kapena kugulitsidwa kukampani.

Ndi mtundu uwu wolumikizira gridi, makina anu opangira mphepo azigwira ntchito pokhapokha gululi lothandizira likupezeka.Panthawi yozimitsa magetsi, makina opangira mphepo amayenera kutsekedwa chifukwa cha chitetezo.

Makina olumikizidwa ndi ma gridi amatha kukhala othandiza ngati pali zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Mumakhala m’dera limene kuli mphepo yamkuntho yapachaka ya pafupifupi makilomita 10 pa ola (mamita 4.5 pa sekondi iliyonse).
• Magetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi okwera mtengo m'dera lanu (pafupifupi masenti 10-15 pa kilowati paola).
• Zofunikira zothandizira pakulumikiza makina anu ku gridi yake sizokwera mtengo kwambiri.

Pali zolimbikitsa zabwino zogulitsa magetsi ochulukirapo kapena kugula ma turbine amphepo.Malamulo aboma (makamaka, Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, kapena PURPA) amafuna kuti zida zilumikizane ndi kugula mphamvu kuchokera kumagetsi ang'onoang'ono amphepo.Komabe, muyenera kulumikizana ndi zida zanu musanalumikizane ndi mizere yake yogawa kuti muthetse vuto lililonse lamphamvu ndi chitetezo.

Zothandizira zanu zitha kukupatsirani mndandanda wazomwe mukufuna kulumikiza dongosolo lanu ku gridi.Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onanimakina opangira magetsi olumikizidwa ndi grid.

Mphamvu zamphepo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina opanda gridi, omwe amatchedwanso ma stand-alone system, osalumikizidwa ndi makina ogawa magetsi kapena grid.Muzogwiritsira ntchito, magetsi ang'onoang'ono a mphepo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndi zigawo zina - kuphatikizapo akachitidwe kakang'ono kamagetsi ka dzuwa- kupanga machitidwe amphamvu osakanizidwa.Makina amagetsi osakanizidwa atha kupereka mphamvu zodalirika zapanyumba, minda, kapena madera onse (mwachitsanzo, pulojekiti yogwirizanitsa nyumba) yomwe ili kutali ndi mizere yapafupi.

Dongosolo lamagetsi lopanda grididi, losakanizidwa litha kukhala lothandiza kwa inu ngati zinthu zili m'munsizi zikufotokozerani momwe mulili:

• Mumakhala m’dera limene kuli mphepo yamkuntho yapachaka ya pafupifupi makilomita 9 pa ola (mamita 4.0 pa sekondi iliyonse).
• Kulumikizana kwa gridi sikukupezeka kapena kutha kupangidwa kudzera muzowonjezera zodula.Mtengo woyendetsa chingwe chamagetsi kumalo akutali kuti ugwirizane ndi gridi yogwiritsira ntchito ukhoza kukhala woletsedwa, kuyambira $ 15,000 mpaka $ 50,000 pa mailosi, malingana ndi malo.
• Mukufuna kupeza mphamvu zodziyimira pawokha kuchokera pazothandizira.
• Mukufuna kupanga mphamvu zoyera.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani kugwiritsa ntchito makina anu pa gridi.